General category

The US invasion of Venezuela would mean the defeat of the Global South

28 November 2025

The mounting US military build-up and repeated hostile actions in the Caribbean strongly suggest the Trump administration plans to invade Venezuela, assassinate President Nicolás Maduro, and seize its vast oil reserves. This is not about drugs or terrorism; it is a clear violation of international law aimed at eliminating independent governments, controlling resources, and gaining an upper hand against rising powers like China and the BRICS. The defeat of Venezuela could signal the defeat of the entire Global South. By Akbar Fijani.

Iran Sanctions and the Jurisprudence of Civilian Protection

28 November 2025

The cumulative effect of UN Security Council sanctions on Iran created a widespread humanitarian crisis, disproportionately violating the fundamental rights of children -to health, education, and life-saving medicines. This article analyzes how this regime, alongside the powerful, assessment-free "Snapback" mechanism, challenges the legality of the Council’s actions. It argues that all Chapter VII measures must adhere strictly to humanitarian proportionality and child-centered safeguards to prevent the imposition of collective punishment.

Prospect for Peace in Ukraine

28 November 2025

Kaveh L Afrasiabi

Reprogramming Self-Determination: Generation Z and the New Architecture of Digital Democracy

24 November 2025

In a world increasingly governed by algorithms, platforms, and Artificial Intelligence (AI), the traditional architecture of democracy is undergoing a profound transformation. The global legitimacy crisis, once confined to electoral participation, now intersects with the urgent concern of digital participation.